DR Congo
Tshisekedi yasubije igihugu mu bukoloni – Oscar Balinda umuvugizi wungirije wa AFC/M23
Ikiganiro cyihariye Umuvugizi wungirije wa M23 mu bya politiki, Dr. Oscar Balinda, yagiranye na Imvaho Nshya yagarutse ku ngingo zitandukanye zirimo n’intambara yiswe ‘Kanyarwanda’ mu 1964 na yo yari igamije kwibasira Abanyekongo bavuga ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda.
Yanakomoje ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo bwasubije igihugu mu maboko y’u Bubiligi bwahoze bukolonije Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo mbere y’imyaka ya 1960.
Avuga ku ntambara Ihuriro AFC/M23 ikomeje kurwana mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, Dr Balinda yavuze ko ikigamijwe atari ugufata ibice, ahubwo ko byatewe n’impamvu zitabaturutseho zigatuma bisanga mu bice bituwe n’abaturage bari bamerewe nabi, bityo bakahagera mu buryo bw’ubutabazi.
Ati:
“Bo bonyine ni bo bajya bavuga ngo mwarakoze kuza, mwaratubohoye, twari tumerewe nabi, twaricwaga, twarotswaga, twararibwaga.”
Ahamya ko abaturage batotejwe kandi ko umutekano mu Karere wahungabanye cyane kuva mu mwaka wa 1994, aho abajenosideri bambutse umupaka, bagahabwa rugari mu butegetsi bwa Congo. Bamaze imyaka 30 bakiyobora, na magingo aya ngo inzego zose zo muri Kinshasa ni bo baziyobora.
Inama y’i Berlin yabaye mu 1885 yasize hashyizweho imbibi bityo umurongo waciwe utuma Byahi y’u Rwanda na Byahi ya Congo utandukanya abavandimwe.
Ashimangira ko ibirunga bya Nyiragongo byasigaye muri Congo mu gihe nta rurimi na rumwe ku Isi rufite akabimbura ‘Nyiri’ uretse ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda.
Akomeza agira ati: “Aho turwanira hose ni gakondo yacu, ubu twe intambara turwana n’impamvu dufite, ni ugushaka kugarura amahoro n’umutekano muri ibyo bice, interahamwe na EX-FAR zagezemo zikangiza ibintu byose.
Twe turashaka ko zisubira iwabo, natwe impunzi zacu zigataha zigasubira muri gakondo yazo. FDLR, umutwe ugizwe n’abakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane.”
Ubuyobozi bwa M23 buhamya ko iyo FDLR itaba mu gihugu cyabo, ibibazo by’abanyekongo bari basanzwe bafite uburyo babikemuramo.
Urugero rutangwa ni urw’igihe Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yabonaga ubwigenge mu 1960, nyuma y’imyaka 4 ni ukuvuga mu 1964, haba intambara yiswe Kanyarwanda, ikibazo cyari hagati y’Abanyekongo gikemurwa na bo ubwabo.
Agira ati:
“Mu 1964 habayeho intambara yitwaga Kanyarwanda, ni ukuvuga intambara yo kwirukana Abanyarwanda ariko icyo gihe ibibazo twaricaye turabikemura nk’Abanyekongo turongera turabana.
Byarabaye muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, haba Kanyarwanda no mu Banyamulenge iriya mu Minembwe, haba icyitwa ‘Murere’ nabyo bishaka kubirukana rwose, bakijijwe n’uko bishyize hamwe bagira ikintu cyitwa Bagiriye ‘Guerriers bisobanuye Abarwanyi’ ari yo Twirwaneho ya mbere muri uwo mwaka wa 1964.”
Nubwo batabayeho nk’abandi Banyekongo bose ariko ngo bashoboye kubaho, batera imbere. Dr. Oscar Balinda avuga ko we ubwe yihereyeho yize muri Kaminuza ya Congo kuri buruse ya Leta, aho indege yamuvanaga i Goma ikamugeza i Lubumbashi agakomereza i Kinshasa indege yishyuwe na Leta, babaho nk’abandi banyekongo bose.
Ati: “Byaje kongera kwangirika uwayoboraga witwaga Mobutu, noneho akagira amabwire y’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda bw’icyo gihe, ati bariya bantu banyangire. Akajya mu matwi ya Mobutu atangira kumwoshya ngo yange ba runaka.
N’amashyirahamwe yitwa za MAGRIVI (Mouvement des Agriculteurs de Virunga) batangira gucengeza za ngengabitekerezo zo gutandukanya abantu.”
Akomeza agira ati: “Interahamwe na EX-FAR zigeze ino zumvisha Abahutu bari ino ba Congo ko bagomba kutwanga twebwe, batwahukamo icyo gihe, baratwica, abacitse ku icumu ni bo bashoboye kwambuka bari mu nkambi mu Rwanda.”
Ihuriro AFC/M23 icyo rigamije ni ubumwe kandi ubwo bumwe n’ubwiyunge bugatangirira mu nzu by’umwihariko mu bo bavuga rumwe kandi bakamenya n’uruhare rwabo baje gutanga ku muryango w’Abanyekongo.
Iri huriro rifitiye icyizere amasezerano ya Doha biturutse ku ntambwe ishimishije imaze kugerwaho. Tariki 19 Nyakanga 2025 hashyizwe umukono ku masezerano fatizo agamije kugarura icyizere cyuzuye hagati y’abari mu biganiro.
Ku itariki 14 Nzeri 2025 hashyirwa umukono ku masezerano agamije kurekura imfungwa kandi ngo kugeza ubu biri mu maboko y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe ubutabazi (CICR) kandi izatanga raporo.
Dr. Balinda akomeza agira ati: “Iyo hari ibiganiro hari byinshi bishobora kugerwaho kuko mu kwezi k’Ukwakira uyu mwaka twasinye amasezerano y’agahenge […] hari ikibazo cy’ubushake buke mu ruhande rumwe rw’abaganira ariko umunsi kizaboneka, ibintu bizihuta.”
Ku ruhande rwa AFC/M23, hari byinshi byakozwe mu rwego rwo gushyira mu ngiro ku biganirwaho i Doha. Dr. Balinda ashimangira ko ingabo 1 400 za Leta ya Congo zari zifungiye mu kigo cya MONUSCO mu Mujyi wa Goma, zaherekejwe zigashyikirizwa ingabo za Leta mu bice zagenzuraga bigizwemo uruhare na CICR.
Mu kugaragaza ubushake bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano ya Doha, Umuvugizi wungirije wa M23 mu bya Politiki, atanga urugero rw’uko M23 yafashe Umujyi wa Bunagana muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru ku itariki 13 Kamena 2022, igasaba Leta ko bagirana ibiganiro ariko igaterera agati mu ryinyo.
Agira ati: “Tukimara gufata Bunagana twatelefonnye Kinshasa, urumva bariya twari dusanzwe tuvugana, na Perezida Tshisekedi agifata ubutegetsi twoherejeyo intumwa, zimara umwaka umwe n’igice, … ariko twe icyo dushyize imbere ni ibiganiro.
Twaramubwiye tukimara gufata Bunagana, twe ntabwo dukeneye Bunagana. Gufata Bunagana byarabarwaje kuko ni ahantu bakuraga amafaranga menshi, yari inzira yanyuzwagamo amabuye y’agaciro kandi ntabwo bari bazi ko izo mbaraga twazibona. Twaravuze ngo mureke tujye ku meza y’ibiganiro, turahabasubiza.
We wenyine (Perezida Tshisekedi) afata indangururamajwi ati, nkiri muzima, nkifite umwuka w’abahumeka ntabwo nzigera nicarana namwe ku meza y’ibiganiro, ubu turi he? Burya guhozaho ni byo byangombwa n’ibindi tuzabigeraho.”
Ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bwasubije igihugu u Bubiligi
Umuvugizi wungirije wa M23 mu ishami rya politiki, Dr. Oscar Balinda, yabwiye Imvaho Nshya ko nyuma y’aho Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo iboneye ubwigenge mu 1960, ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Tshisekedi bwahisemo kongera gusubiza igihugu abahoze bagikolonije.
Ibi abihera ku kuba intwaro zirimo gukoreshwa mu ntambara yo mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo ndetse n’amabwiriza y’ibyo igihugu kigomba kugenderaho bitangwaho umurongo n’Ubuyobozi bukuru bw’u Bubiligi.
Ati: “Muri Kamanyola na Gatogota bari bafite ibikoresho byinshi bimwe byanatanzwe n’igihugu cy’u Bubiligi, bimwe twabifashe bikiri mu dusanduku. U Bubiligi bwabahaye ibikoresho, bimwe twabisanze mu ishuri hariya i Ruvungi bigifunze.
Indi mpamvu nyamukuru ni uko Perezida Tshisekedi akigera ku butegetsi, yafashe Congo ayisubiza u Bubiligi, yarakibahaye cyose gisubira mu bukoloni, politiki yose ya Kongo igendera ku mabwire y’u Bubiligi.
Kuba twararwaniye ubwigenge bwa kino gihugu ni nkaho byapfuye ubusa, yaragifashe agisubiza mu maboko ya ba bandi ba Gashakabuhake, ubu twasubiye muri bya bihe byo mu 1958, abantu barwanira ubwigenge.”
Dr. Balinda yahamirije Imvaho Nshya ko M23 atari Abanyarwanda nk’uko bikunze kuvugwa n’abanyapolitiki ba Leta ahubwo ko AFC/M23 igizwe n’amoko yose yo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Ashimangira ko Umuhuzabikorwa wa AFC/M23, Corneille Nangaa, akomoka Kisangani, Umuvugizi wa Gisirikare Col. Willy Ngoma aturuka ku nyanja ya Atlantique muri Matadi mu Burengerazuba bwa Congo, Laurence Kanyuka ava muri Kasaï akaba mwene wabo wa Tshisekedi, Umuhuzabikorwa wungirije wa AFC ari na we Perezida wa M23, Bertrand Bisimwa, iwabo ni i Bukavu, ni Umushi.
Itangazo ryo kurangisha
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