Ibyo wamenya kuri gahunda y’u Rwanda yo gusaranganya amashanyarazi n’ibindi bihugu

Minisitiri w’Ibikorwaremezo, Dr Jimmy Gasore, yatangaje ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwifatanya n’ibihugu by’akarere mu gusangira ibikorwaremezo by’amashanyarazi, yemeza ko n’umuyoboro mushya uhuza u Rwanda n’u Burundi unyuze mu Karere ka Huye wamaze kuzura.

Minisitiri w’Ibikorwaremezo, Dr Jimmy Gasore, yatangaje ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwifatanya n’ibihugu by’akarere mu gusangira ibikorwaremezo by’amashanyarazi, yemeza ko n’umuyoboro mushya uhuza u Rwanda n’u Burundi unyuze mu Karere ka Huye wamaze kuzura.

Yabitangaje ku wa 25 Ugushyingo 2025, ubwo yatangizaga imurikabikorwa ku bijyanye n’ibishya biri guhangwa mu guteza imbere urwego rw’ingufu muri Afurika (Africa Energy Expo) rigiye kumara iminsi itatu ribera mu Rwanda.

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Urwego rw’ingufu mu Rwanda rwateye imbere ku buryo bugaragara. Mu 2000 abagerwaho n’amashanyarazi bari 2%, mu 2010 bagea ku 10%, mu gihe uyu munsi amashanyarazi agera kuri 85%.

U Rwanda rubarizwa mu muryango uzwi nka “Eastern Africa Power Pool” ugizwe n’ibihugu 13 byo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba mu rwego rw’imihahiranire mu bijyanye n’ingufu.

Ibihugu bigize “Eastern Africa Power Pool”, biteganya guhuza imiyoboro yabyo yose kugira ngo bihererekanye amashanyarazi bijyanye n’ikiwukeneye, binagurishanye, ndetse u Rwanda rugeze kure iyi gahunda.

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Kugeza ubu u Rwanda ruhuje imiyoboro na Uganda, Tanzania, RDC n’u Burundi ahantu hatatu. Ni ku rugomero rwa Rusizi II ubu rutanga amashanyarazi angana na megawatt 36, ku Rwanda, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) n’u Burundi, buri gihugu gihabwa megawatt 12.

U Rwanda kandi rwihuje n’u Burundi binyuze ku Rugomero rwa Rusumo rufite ubushobozi bwa megawatt 80. Ruhuje ibihugu bitatu birimo u Rwanda, Tanzania n’u Burundi.

Buri gihugu gihabwa megawatt 26,6 zicanira abaturage miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 146 barimo Abarundi ibihumbi 520, Abanyarwanda ibihumbi 467 n’Abanya-Tanzania ibihumbi 159.

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Minisitiri Dr. Gasore yavuze ko kandi mu gukomeza uyu mushinga wo kwihuza n’ibindi bihugu, hari gusozwa umuyoboro uhuza u Rwanda n’u Burundi, unyuze mu Karere ka Huye.

Ati

“Turi no kubaka umuyoboro wa gatatu uduhuza n’u Burundi. […] Umushinga urimo urarangira, uhuza u Rwanda n’u Burundi biciye mu Majyepfo. Umuyoboro wamaze kuzura. Ni ukugira ngo niba habaye ikibazo ahandi duhuriyeho tube dufite n’iyo nzira ya gatatu. […] Ibyo byose byerekana ubushake bw’ibihugu bwo guhuza imiyoboro ngo tugire umuriro ukorera hamwe.”

Uyu muyobora mushya uhuza u Rwanda n’u Burundi uzaba ureshya n’ibilometero 143. Uzava ahitwa i Kigoma mu Rwanda unyuze i Huye ukomereze i Ngozi mu Majyaruguru y’u Burundi ugere mu murwa Mukuru wa Politiki wa Gitega mu Burundi.

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Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda uyu muyoboro uzaba ureshya n’ibilometero 62, mu gihe ku rw’u Burundi uzaba ureshya n’ibilometero 81. Bigaragara ko umushinga watangiye mu 2022, ugomba kurangira mu 2024. Byari biteganyijwe ko uzatwara miliyoni 24,4$.

Uyu muyoboro wagenewe kohereza amashanyarazi angana na kilovolt 220, ariko ku ikubitiro uzajya ugendera ku bwa kilovolt 110.

Mu myaka itanu iri imbereu Rwanda ruzashora arenga miliyari 1$ mu mishinga izafasha kubona megawatt 1000 zizaba zikenewe mu mirimo itandukanye y’igihugu.

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Minisitri Dr. Gasore yavuze ko azashorwa mu mishinga itandukanye irimo uwa Nyabarongo ya II uzatanga megawatt 43,5 uzuzura mu mpera za 2027 rutwaye miliyoni zirenga 214$.

Yavuze kandi ko hitezwe Urugomero rwa Rusizi III ruzaha amashanyarazi abaturage barenga ibihumbi 300 bo mu bihugu by’u Rwanda, RDC n’u Burundi ruteganyirijwe kuzatwara miliyoni 800$.

Azashorwa kandi mu mishinga ya gaz méthane, kuko mu myaka itanu iri imbere u Rwanda rwiteze megawatt 136 z’amashanyarazi azaturuka kuri gaz méthane.

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Ku mashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba Minisitiri Dr. Gasore kandi yavuze ko hari izizakomoka ku rugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwa Nyabarongo II, ruzatanga megawatt 43.5 z’amashanyarazi kandi amazi yarwo akazavamo ikiyaga kizakora ku turere twa Gakenke, Kamonyi, Muhanga, Nyabihu na Ngororero.

Iki kiyaga ni cyo kizashyirwaho ibikoresho bihindura imirasire y’izuba amashanyarazi (panneaux solaires). Ni mu mushinga mugari w’u Rwanda, aho ruteganya kuhabona megawatt 200 zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.

Minisitiri Dr Gasore ati “Gushyira imirasire ireremba hejuru y’amazi wavuga ngo bizaba ari bishya mu Rwanda ariko ni ibintu biri gukorwa hirya no hino ku Isi, iyo uri mu gihugu aho ubutaka buhenze cyane. Nk’u Rwanda dufite ubutaka buhenze cyane kubera ko tuba dukeneye gusaranganya imiturire n’ubuhinzi, kandi n’imirasire y’izuba na yo isaba ubutaka bunini.”

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Yakomeje ati

“Icyo gihe uremera ukaba nk’uwongereye ikiguzi ugakora imirasire y’izuba ireremba hejuru y’amazi, kuko aho ntawe uba uri buhahinge cyangwa uri buhature. Ntibibuza korora amafi ntibibuza ingendo zo mu mazi. Ni amahirwe mashya avutse kugira ngo twongere imbaraga ziturutse ku izuba.”

U Rwanda rukora amashanyarazi angana na megawatt 406. Amashanyarazi akomoka ku ngomero z’amazi angana na megawatt 109,66, ava kuri gaz methane angana na megawatt 85,79 bingana na 18% by’umuriro wose.

Amashanyarazi akomoka kuri nyiramugengeri angana na megawatt 85, angana na 18%, n’akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba angana na megawatt 12 bingana na 3%.

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U Rwanda kandi rubona megawatt 39 zinagana 8% ziva mu mishinga rufatanyije n’ibindi bihugu, rugatumiza mu mahanga umuriro wa megawatt 106,1 (uva Uganda) 23%, icyakora rukataje mu mishinga itandukanye izafasha kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage ku kigero cya 100%.